Communication Theories: An Overview
On this page are the communication theories that have been highly beneficial to my learning in this program and furthered my understanding of cultural issues that occurred in past practice and during my travels abroad.
Expectancy Violations Theory (Burgoon)
The Expectancy Violations Theory looks at how individuals react to the communication of others. Either communication is reinforced in a positive manner (i.e. smiling, agreeing, eye contact, etc.) or in a negative manner (i.e. frowning, creating a physical distance, etc.). We learn what we consider to be appropriate through our interactions with others and our distinctive cultures. (Burgoon, 1993a). Communication occurs during the exchange of information, and this communication can be either verbal or nonverbal. Individuals have preconceived notions (or expectancies) of how others should act. When others violate the expectations of another, either positively or negatively, individuals will respond in specific ways. (Burgoon et al., 1989).
Text retrieved from our class Wiki5102: http://educ5102.wikispaces./Expectancy+Violations+Theory+%28Burgoon%29+ Below is my PowerPoint presentation on Expectancy Violations Theory.
Spiral of Silence Theory (Noelle-Neumann)
The Spiral of Silence is a theory of public opinion. The term refers to the increasing pressure people feel to conceal their views when they think they are in the minority. According to the theory, the individual observes their environment to assess the distribution of opinions. It is not the actual, but the apparent, publicly visible strength of opinions that the individual assesses. The more one feels his ideas are not shared by others, the more uncertain he will feel. Therefore, he is less likely to share his opinions publicly.
Text retrieved from our class Wiki5102: http://educ5102.wikispaces.com/Spiral+of+Silence+%28Noelle-Neumann%29 |
Face Negotiation Theory (Ting-Toomey)
Face Negotiation Theory assumes that people in every culture work to maintain face in all situations (Ting-Toomey, 1999). It further states that the root of conflict is based on self management, and on an individual and cultural level. The different types of individual and cultural identities are described as faces.
Face Negotiation Theory proposes the following:
Text retrieved from our class Wiki5102: http://educ5102.wikispaces.c/Face+Negotiation+Theory+%28+Ting+Toomey%29 Muted Group Theory (Kramarae)
Text retrieved from our class Wiki5102: http://educ5102.wikispaces.c/Muted+Group+Theory+%28Ardener+%26+Kramarae%29 Below is my PowerPoint presentation that provides an overview of the Muted Group Theory.
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